---
title: "Profit & loss — Trading Analytics for Laravel | Roundly"
description: "Realized and unrealized P&L, gross and net of commissions, with profit and loss splits and the profit factor per pair and currency."
url: https://roundly-consulting.com/open-source/docs/trading-analytics-for-laravel/profit-and-loss
language: en
---

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[Trading Analytics for Laravel](https://roundly-consulting.com/open-source/docs/trading-analytics-for-laravel.md)

# Profit & loss

P&L comes in two results: realizedProfitAndLoss for closed trades and unrealizedProfitAndLoss for open ones, valued at their closePrice. Each holds gross (before commissions) and net (after commissions) figures:

```php
$realized = $analytics->realizedProfitAndLoss;     // closed trades
$unrealized = $analytics->unrealizedProfitAndLoss; // open trades, valued at closePrice

$realized->gross->global->total->total;            // '800.00' — before commissions
$realized->net->global->total->total;              // '781.00' — after commissions
$realized->net->global->total->highest;            // '990.00' (highestPair 'BTC/USD')
$realized->net->forPair('ETH/USD')->buy->total;    // '97.00'
$realized->gross->forQuoteCurrency('USD')->sell->average;

$realized->grossProfits->total;                    // '1100.00' — summed positive P&L
$realized->grossLosses->total;                     // '-300.00' — summed negative P&L
$realized->netProfits->forBaseCurrency('BTC');     // also forPair() / forQuoteCurrency()

$unrealized->net->global->total->total;            // open positions, after commissions
```

- gross / net — full breakdowns (global, per pair, base and quote currency; total, buy, sell) with total, count, average, highest and lowest. Realized figures average over the closed trades, unrealized ones over the open trades.
- grossProfits / grossLosses and netProfits / netLosses — the summed positive and the summed negative P&L, as a total and per pair, base and quote currency. Losses stay negative; a break-even trade lands in neither, and realized and unrealized trades never mix.
- A trade’s P&L is (close − open) × size for a buy and (open − close) × size for a sell; the net variant subtracts its commission.

## Profit factor

profitFactor divides the realized gross profits by the absolute realized gross losses at full precision, truncated to 2 decimal places only as the result — so it does not depend on the run’s scale — globally and per pair, base and quote currency (there is no buy/sell split). A breakdown without losses reports 0.00, and a loss-only pair or currency reads 0.00 rather than going missing. ProfitFactor reads the totals collected by RealizedGrossProfitAndLoss, which is why only() pulls that calculator in:

```php
$analytics->profitFactor->total;                   // '3.66' — gross profits / |gross losses|
$analytics->profitFactor->forPair('ETH/USD');       // '0.33'
$analytics->profitFactor->forPair('BTC/USD');       // '0.00' — no losing BTC/USD trade
$analytics->profitFactor->forBaseCurrency('ETH');
$analytics->profitFactor->forQuoteCurrency('USD');
```

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