---
title: "Inventory & stock — Shops for Laravel | Roundly"
description: "An auditable, row-locked stock ledger — adjustments by reason, automatic reservations for orders, and stock and low-stock events."
url: https://roundly-consulting.com/open-source/docs/shops-for-laravel/inventory
language: en
---

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[Shops for Laravel](https://roundly-consulting.com/open-source/docs/shops-for-laravel.md)

# Inventory & stock

Stock is an auditable ledger: every change is a StockAdjustment row, and the variant caches stock (on hand) and reserved (held for placed orders). Available stock is stock minus reserved. Shops::inventory($variant) is the way in; every write goes through AdjustStockAction, which row-locks the variant inside a transaction and decides a sale or a reservation against that locked row — never a stale copy — so two checkouts can never both take the last unit:

```php
use RoundlyConsulting\Shops\Facades\Shops;
use RoundlyConsulting\Shops\Inventory\Enums\StockReason;

Shops::inventory($variant)->receive(100, ref: $purchaseOrder, note: 'PO-17'); // +100 on hand
Shops::inventory($variant)->returned(1, $order);                             // +1, booked against the order
Shops::inventory($variant)->adjust(-2, note: 'Stock count');                  // Manual correction, either sign
Shops::inventory($variant)->adjust(-1, StockReason::Sold, $posSale);          // sell one outside an order
Shops::inventory($variant)->available();                                     // stock - reserved
Shops::inventory($variant)->inStock(3);                                      // bool
```

Each write returns the StockAdjustment row. ref is any model that explains the change — a purchase order, an RMA, the order. A return booked against an Order the variant was never on throws ForeignItemException.

## The action form

```php
use RoundlyConsulting\Shops\Actions\Inventory\AdjustStockAction;

// What every inventory write runs — call it directly in jobs or your own actions:
app(AdjustStockAction::class)->execute(
    ProductVariant $variant,
    int $delta,                  // signed, in the reason's direction, never 0
    StockReason $reason,
    ?Model $reference = null,    // morph, e.g. the Order or a purchase order
    ?string $note = null,
): StockAdjustment;
```

## Reasons and direction

The sign of the delta must match the reason. A zero delta or a wrong sign throws InvalidQuantityException before anything is written:

| Reason | Sign | Column | Meaning |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| `Received` | + | stock | Goods received into stock. |
| `Sold` | − | stock | A sale — refused below available stock on a tracked variant. |
| `Reserved` | + | reserved | Held for a placed order; never throws. |
| `Released` | − | reserved | A hold released (clamped at zero); never throws. |
| `Returned` | + | stock | A customer return. |
| `Manual` | ± | stock | A manual correction in either direction. |

Selling or reserving more than the available stock of a tracked variant throws InsufficientStockException. Variants with track\_stock = false (digital or unlimited goods) never throw, and inStock() is always true for them. The variant you pass in gets the new stock and reserved as clean attributes, so a later save() of it never rewrites stock another request has moved.

## Reservations

Orders manage reservations automatically — you never touch them for a normal checkout:

| Step | Action | Effect per order line |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Place order | `ReserveStockAction` | Checks every line against the variant’s row-locked availability (throws InsufficientStockException), then adds it to reserved. One oversell rolls back every reservation. |
| Cancel | `ReleaseStockAction (sell: false)` | Releases the hold — the quantity is available again. |
| Refund a Paid order | `ReleaseStockAction (sell: false)` | Releases the hold of an order that was paid but never fulfilled. Refunding a Fulfilled order leaves stock alone. |
| Fulfil | `ReleaseStockAction (sell: true)` | Releases the hold, then books a Sold adjustment — the reservation becomes a sale. |

Both actions are @internal: checkout reserves, and Shops::order($order)->cancel(), fulfil() and refund() of an unfulfilled order release. Under Shops::fake() they count as part of the placed order or the transition, not as separate stock adjustments. Lines whose variant was deleted are skipped, and every ledger row references the order.

## The ledger

```php
use RoundlyConsulting\Shops\Inventory\StockAdjustment;

StockAdjustment::query()
    ->where('product_variant_id', $variant->id)
    ->latest()
    ->get();                  // the variant's full ledger

$adjustment->quantity;        // the signed delta
$adjustment->reason;          // StockReason
$adjustment->note;            // ?string
$adjustment->variant;         // ProductVariant
$adjustment->reference;       // e.g. the Order (morph)

StockReason::Reserved->affectsReserved();   // true for Reserved and Released
StockReason::Sold->direction();             // -1
```

## Stock events

Every adjustment fires StockAdjusted. StockRanLow fires once when an adjustment takes a tracked variant’s available stock from above shops.inventory.low\_stock\_threshold to at or below it — not again while it stays low. Both fire after the surrounding transaction commits, so a rolled-back checkout fires nothing:

```php
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Event;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Notification;
use RoundlyConsulting\Shops\Inventory\Events\StockAdjusted;
use RoundlyConsulting\Shops\Inventory\Events\StockRanLow;

Event::listen(function (StockRanLow $event): void {
    // $event->variant, $event->threshold
    Notification::route('mail', 'warehouse@example.com')
        ->notify(new ReorderNotice($event->variant));
});

Event::listen(function (StockAdjusted $event): void {
    // $event->variant, $event->adjustment
});
```

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